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Category: FocusPulling Original

28 June 2020

Pandemic Playlist: My Creative Responses to COVID-19

Written by Paul Moon

Is this thing over yet? We’ve watched the world open back up, sort of.

Is it too late for new art about the coronavirus, after months of lockdown and too-much-information? Sort of.

Yet there’s no vaccine. Another outbreak, or new virus might come along. Whether or not these past few months fade into memory someday: for the first time in a millennium, our whole world has shared an experience together. After the decimation we’ve seen in our lifetimes of mass media/broadcast television, it’s really something. We really are/were in this together.

Departing from my (albeit rare) posts about filmmaking tech here, I’ll show you a few little things I’ve made since March: a “pandemic playlist” of sorts. And it’s like a story too, in chronological order. You can access the whole playlist below or at this link, but I’ll embed each of its separate videos into this page also, as I get to them.

CONTAGION

The year was 2011, and it had been almost a decade since the book (and later movie) The Hot Zone took the world by storm and gave us a glimpse of the horrors to come. Steven Soderbergh’s film Contagion gave us simply the best science ever from a film about coronaviruses (COVID-19 being just the latest one — not the nineteenth, but named for the year when it showed up). Its lukewarm reception was well-deserved: sometimes the acting is stiff, characters diluted, structure flat. Jude Law’s sideline story of fraud is an ambiguous distraction. And, shot on old RED cameras, the dynamic range is terrible with tons of blown-out highlights, and exaggerated color grading that hits you over the head with chem-lab green. Namely, it’s another mainstream Soderbergh film. But the electronic music score by Cliff Martinez is brilliant; and of course, the prescience of the subject is totally haunting.

Especially from the beginning of this year’s pandemic, the film has been a valued watch for everyone who’s trying to understand. What I thought I’d do, is excerpt all the good parts, organize them succinctly into an informational video essay via fair use, and fix some of those flawed exposure and color grading decisions in the original film. From its multichannel 5.1 source, I extracted mainly the center dialogue channel, then dropped in an original score by my collaborator BLK S^TRN who is a common thread through more of this pandemic playlist (see below). As seen in the video, my questions (with answers suggested by the film) are:

  • Where do coronaviruses come from?
  • How are contagious viruses transmitted?
  • How do we know the reproductive rate (R-0 or “R-naught”) of a virus?
  • Young people are stronger. If some get exposed, but stay healthy, why worry?
  • When people say there’s a cure, should we trust them? Is there a difference between a final cure, and meds that just profit big pharma little-by-little?
  • What’s the right balance between social order, and personal liberty?
  • After a final cure, who gets it first? How long is the wait?
  • How will life change after COVID-19? Will we ever shake hands again?

CORONA

In the decade since 2011, I traveled around the world a lot (and now especially miss it). Anyone who makes films, can’t resist grabbing good material abroad, even when there’s no immediate project. So, I shot footage in China, New York City, rural Pennsylvania, California’s Central Valley, and music concerts, that eventually accumulated into this next original film Corona. It was a response to a challenge from BLK S^TRN, who composed a 23-minute experimental hip hop work over a weekend, and asked me to set it to visuals. Within a few days, I had created this utterly strange experimental film divided into sections that respond to his seven-movement symphony of sorts. It’s punishingly minimalist, most of the time, in a common thread of outrage rather than optimism (and I’ve felt an absent longing these days to stare evil straight in the face, instead of those many feel-good streams that have dominated at-home culture with desperate wistfulness). What excited me most about the challenge, was actually technical: I had never gotten around to exploring the Boris FX “Beat Reactor” feature, so during most of this running time, you are seeing multiple discrete visual effects reacting to the music score at isolated pitch ranges. Camera gear ranged from the original Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera in China, to the DJI Phantom 4 Pro V2.0 in flight.

UNION SQUARE NYC: MARCH 9, 2020

I was filming a big documentary project in upstate New York early March, and stopped by Manhattan for a weekend on my way back to Washington, D.C. In the hour before my train home, I grabbed a few pick-up shots at Union Square for another project. Simply put: we all couldn’t imagine what was coming, but we had heard the news.

I shot this handheld on the Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera 4K, with the smooth stabilization of my Olympus 12-100mm f/4 lens. Against the bright setting sun, it pushed the (alleged) 13 stops of dynamic range in BRAW format, since most of the action was in the shadows. That wide vantage point of Union Square was from behind the window of a multi-story Men’s Wearhouse (the one high spot I could get). From there, I saw this thing happening on the plaza, then sped down the escalators to catch the performance, and the rest is editing.

It speaks for itself. Our cities will look like this again. How soon, is how we behave.

H2O

When I got back in early March, people started realizing that lockdown was around the corner. The premier new music ensemble in Washington, D.C., 21st Century Consort (with whom I’ve created The Passion of Scrooge and many other projects) was going to have a concert at the modern art Hirshhorn Museum, and had already loaded in heavy percussion for a week of rehearsals. As the Smithsonian began to declare its inevitable closures, the Consort’s artistic director asked me to salvage all that work and expense, by capturing the concert without an audience. This was a new idea at the time! Dr. Fauci had already warned us to keep everyone 6 feet apart, and we did. The local paper interviewed me and wrote about the production here, and we leveraged YouTube’s premiere feature with chat functions to launch it one week after the originally scheduled concert date. Compared to the lo-fi, smartphone streams that we’ve been watching at home (or suffered through, depending on how you feel about it), this was a pristine multi-camera shoot at UHD-4K resolution, color graded from log footage, using a nearly nightmare combination of: Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera 4K, Sony a7 III, Sony a6600, and Z CAM E2C. You might enjoy trying to guess which was used for each angle. I applied camera-specific FilmConvert LUT profiles to match things up, as a starting point (but as ever, it needed tons more refinement in the grade).

For this playlist, I’ve excerpted the first work on the program, whose prescience (programmed before the pandemic) is haunting now. You’ll see reflections of the water bowls on the ceiling, that look like the virus; it looks like everyone’s dutifully washing their hands; and one of the musicians later joked — very dry humor — that you could call this “Flu Man Group.” (Rimshot.) If you want to watch the full hour including more conventional music, click here.

SCENE FROM LES MISÉRABLES

We all know what happened next, as if things weren’t bad enough. Yet for a long time, America has been suffering from its original sin, and there is no end in sight for reparations.

This isn’t quite an original work, just a straight-up excerpt (though I’ve deployed a few J-cuts and L-cuts to help it stand alone). Enough has been said, and too much destroyed, in response to the killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis. I was just there in February, shooting a documentary interview, on my way to Winona’s Frozen River Film Festival (to show the last film in this playlist below), right on the heels of Winona Ryder painting a more nostalgic picture of Minnesota and her namesake small town during the Super Bowl. Tension was hiding in plain sight.

Distance helps, yes? Director Ladj Ly grew up in the Montfermeil commune of Paris and set his debut feature film there, drawing parallels between the actual Victor Hugo classic story, and today’s ethnic and economic tensions in “Les Bosquets.” Good drama resists tying things up neatly in a bow: this film shows good cops and bad cops, and the abiding reality that uprisings backfire, while rage is unavoidable. You can’t be surprised, after an accumulation of one injustice after another. The complete feature film — you’ll find it interesting that a drone camera is very central to the plot — streams in pristine UHD-4K/HDR freely on Amazon Prime Video.

QUARTET FOR THE END OF TIME

And now we end right there in Paris. Sort of. Olivier Messiaen was a French composer who got imprisoned by the Nazis during World War II at Stalag VIII-A. There in captivity, he composed and premiered a transcendent work called Quartet for the End of Time that probably receives more consensus from musicologists than anything else, as the greatest piece of chamber music written in the 20th century. A few years ago, I had the rare privilege to document rehearsals, and a 75th anniversary performance of the work, by “The President’s Own” U.S. Marine Band Ensemble — this was during the Obama administration, if it matters to you — and around that time, Paris got bombed by terrorists. I show those memorials at the end of the film, while the interviewee eloquently relates that chaos is everywhere, and it feels like the end of time.

But there’s a misunderstood enigma about the title of the piece, also the title of my documentary: in fact, we should translate “the end of time” as “the end of the relevance of time,” pointing towards some kind of timeless spiritual existence that rises above this chaos. Hope and salvation isn’t just cheap therapy: maybe it’s written in the stars, and in ourselves.

[POSTSCRIPT]

So that’s the stuff I’ve made (so far), although if you’re like me, it’s also been tough to stay productive, absent routines, and the prior need to stay on our feet outside home. I hope you’re figuring out how to stay sane, creative, and engaged in good health. Laughter is still the best medicine, don’t forget that: for me, these endless weeks have been perked up by comedian Annie Lederman’s Patreon and podcast; Donterio Hundon’s on-fire barbeques; Michael Rappaport’s rants; and Bobby Lee and Andrew Santino’s Bad Friends. I’ve also passed (and wasted) plenty of time watching whole seasons of episodic television, consuming all five of Better Call Saul, the first of Lil Dicky’s heartfelt Dave, and Sam Esmail’s Homecoming. Got any must-watch tips of your own? Please let me know right back.

Stay well y’all, and for the love of god…

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There’s no I in TEAM but There’s an I in COVID @iamrapaport is LIVE & DISRUPTIVE

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June 28, 2020 FocusPulling Original Leave a Comment
06 May 2020

Case Study: Building a Powerful Video Editing Workstation

Written by Paul Moon

So here we are in 2020, when 4K/Ultra-HD footage is just the baseline, and 6K/8K is inevitable for us. HD video editing had once pushed computers to the limit, but 4K isn’t just a doubling of that resolution: it’s literally four times as many pixels to crunch, while 8K is a stunning sixteen times more than HD. And to deal with all that, cameras are compressing file sizes down more than ever, which takes much more computing power to unpack on-the-fly, when you’re editing. Can you buy a complete computer system off-the-shelf (or online), that keeps up?

Computer manufacturers think of filmmakers as a tiny niche market, despite the overlap with gaming computers. So, they don’t design systems that target the unique demands of video editors. What are these demands, and for each, what is the current state-of-the-art?

THE BASICS

  1. Fast central processing unit (CPU) with overclocking:  AMD Ryzen 9 / Zen 2 [Wikipedia]
  2. Fast storage drives:  Solid State Disk (SSD) via NVMe PCIe Gen. 4 [Wikipedia]
  3. Dedicated graphics processing unit (GPU) card:  Nvidia GeForce 20-series [Wikipedia]
  4. Large, fast DRAM memory:  DDR4 [Wikipedia]
  5. Expansible operating system (OS):  Windows 10 [Wikipedia]

That last item on the list is ammunition for warfare, pitting nerds against hipsters, but if you’re in the Church of Jobs anyway, read no further.  This case study simply focuses upon building a Windows system only, and my choice of Windows isn’t about loyalty or style: just to get maximum power. Meantime, laptops are totally out of the game: their portability isn’t worth it.

CPU:  NOW IT’S AMD, NOT INTEL

OS aside, our first fork in the road is choosing the CPU (brains), and there are basically two kinds, in the whole world of computers we’d use: AMD and Intel. Way back in 2016, the last time I built a custom editing workstation like this, Intel was the clear choice for a few reasons. Firstly, their CPUs were just faster than AMD, plain and simple. But also, Adobe Premiere had leveraged Intel’s QuickSync technology to hardware encode H.264 and H.265, native in most of its CPUs, for radically speeding up encoding times. But now, as of just last month, Adobe has begun expanding such hardware encoding of H.264 and H.265, also to exploit most modern GPUs from Nvidia and AMD. (Anyone with an Adobe subscription can find a “Beta apps” category on the left-hand side of the Creative Cloud app, to download the parallel beta versions of Premiere and Media Encoder that preview this feature. It works great!)

Then there’s the fact that CPU speed and efficiency has much to do with how its “die” shrinks from each generation to the next. This is measured in nanometers (nm), and Intel has been stuck at 14nm for years (starting from that Skylake PC I built here, almost half a decade ago!). However, just this past year, AMD took the industry by storm and completely demolished Intel, with its 7nm process called “Zen 2,” found in their CPU line-up that’s branded with numbers in the 3000s. For this build, I used the Ryzen 3900x: that’s the fastest of those CPUs, below a premium “Threadripper” tier that’s really overkill for video editing (because Adobe Premiere and other editing applications can’t meaningfully take advantage of “Threadripper” potential). Costing under $500, the 3900x is a great investment, and well worth the upgrade. But if you’re on a budget (and who isn’t, during lockdown especially?), even the new Ryzen 3 3300X at $120 outperforms corresponding Intel CPUs by a stunning margin. Let’s start with any of the Zen 2 CPUs.

Oh, and one more thing: hardly anyone custom-builds PCs for video production, but the leader in the industry is somehow (quite unfortunately) Puget Systems. They’ve been Intel evangelists for many years, sitting on tons of Intel inventory that they still need to sell, but when AMD creamed Intel badly (for the long-foreseeable future, too), Puget Systems hilarious refused to accept that, and they still don’t. They’re a great example of technological stubbornness, and suspicious brand loyalty. Ignore them.

MOTHERBOARD:  X570 CHOICES

Above is a picture of the motherboard before it’s mounted into a simple case that goes by the standard size name “ATX” (more on that later). For the new AMD Ryzen 9 / Zen 2 CPUs, you need a motherboard designated “X570” from any manufacturer (and soon, to save some money, “B550” motherboards will be an option). Most are tricked out for gamers, often gleaming with irrelevant tacky lighting effects and other gamer-centric features. The no-frills priority for video creators, instead, is to have maximum ports for connectivity with numerous storage devices — and among the many manufacturers and models, I ended up with something on the cheaper side that doesn’t sacrifice performance at all: the Asus Prime X570-Pro. Unfortunately, X570 motherboards aren’t cheap, and they’re so intensive, that they have their own surface-mounted fans as seen at right. But you shouldn’t be too picky about finding yours: the feature distinctions are minor for video production. And, good news: unlike Intel who make you change your motherboard for every new CPU, it’s just been announced that X570 motherboards will be compatible with AMD’s Zen 3 / 4000-series CPUs someday.

GPU:  USE THE GEFORCE

Just like the battle between AMD and Intel, there are GPU wars between AMD (again) and Nvidia: simply put, the latter wins. Adobe (for example) deploys Nvidia’s CUDA acceleration to a much more impactful extent than AMD’s use of OpenGL. The current state-of-the-art by Nvidia is their GeForce 20-series, and a reasonable median compromise is to buy any manufacturer’s use of their RTX 2060 chipset. Available in 2GB to 8GB of VRAM, 4GB is generally enough, but if you’re pushing the limits, 6GB or 8GB may be worth it. There are RTX 2070s, 2080s, and Titans too, but those performance gains diminish rapidly the higher you go. There’s only so much of that power (designed really for gaming vectors) that you can use as a video editor. (At right, you’re seeing a GTX 1060 installed, but since then I’ve upgraded to a RTX 2070 — anything inside this range is more than enough, given the limitations of all editing applications such as Premiere.)

MEMORY:  CLOCK SPEED MATTERS

One last core ingredient to building your system is DRAM, which is the kind of memory that disappears when you turn off the computer (compared to a storage drive). AMD Zen 2 requires the latest type of DRAM, rated DDR4. Inherently fast to begin with, the new AMD architecture takes special advantage of memory clock speed (over and above latency ratings), so the choice you see here is a great compromise at 3600 MHz, from G.SKILL in their “Ripjaws V” Series. I’m recommending a single pair of 16GB sticks, getting you to 32GB of total DRAM which is plenty to start out with, while leaving two empty slots for expanding up to 64GB someday.

But let’s pause for a second, and consider whether it’s worth building your own PC after all! If you lack the patience of a saint, and you feel tech-averse, that has nothing to do with being a good filmmaker, and you’re better off buying something ready-made that approximates these specs (but definitely costs more). Yet if you do want to build your own system, you should be prepared for the risk that it won’t work at first because of one component or another that you hooked up wrong: diagnosis isn’t always easy. But if you feel comfortable with this stuff, and enjoy kit-building as a hobby (LEGOs?), then the benefits of building your own system are pretty huge. Mainly, it saves you a ton of money that you can spend on making real art. (Meanwhile, specialists like Puget Systems who build dedicated video editing workstations notoriously price-gouge, as if it’s genius to buy these common parts from mass retailers everywhere.) Also, every time you upgrade to the next system, you conserve by re-using some parts. Most importantly, you get a way more powerful system than you can buy from any store. Put another way, Best Buy doesn’t sell anything this fast. Not even close.

So what are we looking at above? That’s the motherboard ready to get stacked. The square that holds your AMD CPU is capped at first, but the metal latch has been swung open as seen above. To get full speed out of your DDR4 DRAM memory, you have to install them in pairs, and those DRAM sticks must have the exact same specs. (In the motherboard’s BIOS settings before booting into Windows, you’ll want to load up the so-called Extended Memory Profile (XMP) so that the rated full speed gets enabled.)

SSD:  DEATH TO MAGNETIC SPINNING PLATTERS


Before we get to installing the CPU into its little square socket, nearby there’s a slot labeled M.2. That’s the newest and fastest possible way to run a boot drive (commonly called your “C:” drive). Even newer than mSATA (which was a notebook computer form factor for small SSDs), M.2 can tap into the motherboard’s PCIe x16 bus — those expansion slots with clips on the end, as seen at right — using a protocol called NVMe for the fastest possible disk speeds you can achieve today (theoretically, 5000 MB/s if the drive is PCIe Generation 4).

Lightning-fast speeds from the PCIe NVMe SSD

What you see installed here is an HP EX950 2TB PCIe NVMe drive, but in the other M.2 slot on the motherboard, I’ve got a faster/smaller boot drive too (more on that later). Namely, SSDs are the holy grail of fast, reliable media, just as traditional magnetic hard drives are becoming more and more antiquated. We’ll laugh someday about how our data got stored on spinning wheels with styluses bouncing back and forth to scribble data in and out.

CPU FAN


But back to the CPU: you probably know that they get hot, after seeing fans, and hearing them whir louder when a computer’s thinking hard. We need to put a heat sink onto it, bonded with thermal paste, to transfer heat from the burning hot metal surface of the CPU to a fan that bolts down on top of it, seen at left, blowing away the heat. You might have heard about “liquid cooling,” with futuristic tubes delivering refrigerant, but it’s really unnecessary. You’re not going to be overclocking into danger zones if you want a reliable creative platform. I chose the median of best-in-class fan coolers, Noctua’s NH-U12S, which you could re-use on your next system someday too.

POWER SUPPLY


So we’ve got our CPU installed, got a fan bolted down to keep it cool, and the memory’s installed. But we still need voltage/amperage from a power supply unit (PSU). I chose a 650-watt model, which is the neighborhood of power that most systems of this type need. 1,000 watts is overkill, 500 watts is pushing it at the low end, and less than that is dangerous. It is not critical to find the perfect number, but more is better, and PSUs are relatively cheap.

CASE:  TOWER OF POWER

So, what about that case again? As our computer comes together, you’re starting to see the biggest headache in system building: all those wires. Mainly, there are SATA cables (for the drives), USB/port cables, and power cables (usually braided). Down the middle, the Nvidia GPU card takes up lots of room, and it even needs its own power cable from the PSU, being a kind of a computer unto itself, with its own circuit boards and internal pair of cooling fans. Around this whole mess, some folks spend lots of time on “cable management,” neatly bundling together related wires and even color-coding them, but I’m not so tidy. A good case should leave enough room to reduce confusion, but even more important is how the case holds your media storage drives in place, usually bracketed horizontally once you tip the case upright. You’ll be shifting them around a lot over time, whether you’re upgrading drives, or removing crashed ones. So, the measure of a good case is how easy it is to do that. I chose the Fractal Design Focus, especially because it has the inexplicably rare feature these days of front-panel slots for drives and inputs. Most other cases, you’ll find, seem like they’re designed for teenage girls who want rainbow colored lights and pretty mirrors.

MORE FANS:  GO BIG

Another key feature of a case is air flow. There is always a rear fan as seen at left, and often a top fan, built into the case that together push-pull circulating air, especially to exhaust the heat from the CPU fan. By having more and larger (120mm) fans, your overall noise level goes down compared to the worse loudness of one small (90mm) fan or two that otherwise would need to carry a heavy load, spinning madly beyond its means.

ADDING STORAGE DRIVES:  CHOOSE CAREULLY

By now, everything’s hooked together, and in the picture at right you can see the rear panel with its numerous ports. From this angle, it’s healthy to equate the whole idea of external ports with the term “bottleneck,” especially when it comes to data storage. Internal drives directly connected to the motherboard via SATA3 (or especially that new M.2 NVMe bus) are faster than external drives connected via USB 3.2 or worse, as a general premise. You could be booting internally from the fastest drive on the market, but: if you’re also editing video files stored on an external drive via USB, or even an internal 5400rpm “green” drive, everything slows down. Of course, video files (especially these days, with high bitrates and Ultra-HD resolutions) are the most demanding streams of data, and they deserve the fastest drives — not the slowest, which is ironically where many filmmakers store them in a sort of premature archival spirit. Similarly, you could get the fastest and biggest single drive on the market, shouldering all of your data, instead of spreading tasks across multiple drives, and you’d have another type of bottleneck. Basically, you could have an extremely fast computer like this AMD build, but it all means nothing if a single drive slows everything down. So, what’s the plan?

  1. Boot Disk (or “C:” Drive):  smaller and fastest SSD, for system and applications
  2. Camera Footage Disk:  large SSD, for video files, preferably removable (see Vantec example below)
  3. Project Disk/Library:  large SSD or 7200rpm hard drive (not 5400rpm), for project files and library
  4. Cache Disk/Scratch Files:  small SSD or 7200rpm (not 5400rpm) hard drive (can be combined with #3 if necessary), for, e.g., Adobe Media Cache and audio peak files

Those are just suggestions, but the theme is, you should spread out categories of use across multiple drives, and allocate fastest drives to those tasks that need it most. Granted, we are on the brink of an all-SSD world, but they’re still expensive, and one versatile way to maximize their use is to put them into removable cartridges, for mobility and swapping projects. Above, the Vantec slot accepts a proprietary cartridge that not only connects straight into the motherboard’s native SATA3 6Gbit/s bus for maximum speed, but also has a reasonably fast USB 3.2 Gen. 1 port for when you need to go mobile from a laptop. I am putting 1TB SSDs of camera footage into these cartridges, letting me swap between projects, and I take them with me to other workstations between studios, and on the road. It’s a clever solution that never quite caught on, but you might find a solution of your own among currently available hot-swap drive tray options.

One last thing to mention is the inevitable fact that you’ve been accumulating a bunch of old hard drives over the years, replacing them with bigger and faster ones. You may not want them to be mounted and spinning inside your case, but for redundant archiving, an external enclosure can keep them useful. The Mediasonic 4-bay enclosure seen at left connects to your computer via USB 3.2 Gen. 2, and inside you can span multiple drives into single larger volumes using the “Storage Spaces” feature included in Windows 10. True, you wouldn’t want to rely on this feature for critical data (it’s just as dangerous as a Drobo), but it fits my archiving needs perfectly: I keep my camera footage and project files stored on drives inside my case, while also paying a small fee to Backblaze for unlimited cloud storage of everything, while making a parallel copy onto the external drives — so, I’m less worried about that external array, given the two other copies. This is a more pragmatic setup compared to redundant RAID arrays, which are thankfully nearing extinction (even though IT-department-types will probably stay stubborn). RAID was always a goofy compromise, invented mainly for a speed boost that has since been eclipsed by the SSD.

CONCLUSION

Wrapping up, for such a complex subject, this case study couldn’t have been a thorough step-by-step, how-to guide (and for an example of a detailed general guide, check this out). But it’s meant to get you thinking about whether to build a system, and what would be involved. Upon flipping the power switch on, you’d need to buy an inexpensive Windows license, and you’d have a world of overclocking waiting for you, to try and push the AMD Zen 2 CPU to its limits. Overclocking used to be only an enthusiast’s art form, but today it has become rather easy if not automatic at both the BIOS and background-app level: for example, stepping up processing power, as any video render job might demand it. Taking the broad view today, this is a good time to upgrade, especially if you’re reading this during quarantine because of COVID-19, waiting for creative projects to resume, when we’ll need a fast platform to support our work. Life is short: Don’t let your workstation slow you down!

SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDED PARTS
Asus Prime X570-Pro Motherboard
AMD Ryzen 9 3900X 12-core 3.8 GHz Desktop CPU
G.SKILL Ripjaws 5 Series 32GB DDR4 SDRAM Memory
Nvidia GeForce 20-Series Graphics Processing Unit Card
Corsair 650W Power Supply Unit
Fractal Design Focus Mid-Tower Computer Case
Samsung 970 Pro M.2 NVMe 512GB Solid State Drive (Boot Disk)
HP EX950 M.2 NVMe 2TB and/or Crucial MX500 SATA 2TB Solid State Drive (Footage Disk)
Mediasonic 4-Bay External Drive Enclosure
Backblaze Unlimited Cloud Backups

(Your grand total will vary a lot, depending on sale pricing, the X570 motherboard you choose, opting for the 3300X instead of the 3900X CPU (a $400 difference), etc. — but it can go as low as a grand, if you economize. The great thing about building your own system, is that it’s constantly scalable.)

May 6, 2020 FocusPulling Original 5 Comments
25 March 2020

PFY Focus: Review

Written by Paul Moon

To name this whole site FocusPulling.com, implies that focus pulling products are an automatic inspiration here! But it was mainly inspired by the visceral reality of being a cinematographer: if there’s one thing that keeps our nerves and synapses constantly engaged, while cameras roll, it’s focus pulling. Especially at high resolutions, you just can’t miss a beat. As we learned in film school (or the real world), if you get great footage but the subject isn’t in focus, you just can’t use it.

Apart from typical monitoring aids — how could we possibly live without the glitter of focus peaking? — physical hardware like follow focus products are a mixed bag. At first, it seems surprising how few you’ll find on the market. I currently own a Zacuto Z-Drive, which has a unique angular design that reminds me how gimbal stabilizers are finally pivoting out of the way, so that you can see rear viewfinders. Before that, I used a budget product from D|Focus who are sadly out of business. You’re probably like me: among all your lenses, only a few are actual, legit cine lenses with built-on gears. The rest are so-called “focus-by-wire” and they aren’t precise: they spin in an endless circle one way or the other, and they pull focus quicker or slower depending on how fast you turn the barrel, even across the same circumference. This isn’t necessarily a bad thing — the creative decision whether to whip-focus, or to slowly rack, is central to our visual vernacular — but sometimes you need reliable, unchanging focus points that have an actual, physical correlation with the notches of your focus barrel. And of course, a follow focus mechanism gives you ergonomic flexibility, putting your hands where you need them quickest.

Active, native lenses that “focus by wire” are still compatible with follow focus products, but it’s hard to mark off focus points (to always return to the same physical spot) if you can’t mathematically change focus at the exact same speed. But: motors can. And if you need to control focus remotely, or at least farther than a finger’s reach (let alone, across a room), motors are the only way. That’s where this new breed of wireless follow focus control comes in. When they first arrived to market, they were luxury items: you really had to need it, and have a lot of money, to justify the expense. But in the past year or two, they became amazingly affordable.

The latest and most feature-packed option we have today is the PFY Focus. PFY is a German company that branched off from Pilotfly, and they primarily “focus” (pun intended) on wireless follow focus, wireless video monitoring, and gimbal stabilizers (check out their website). And recently, a guest reviewer here had a look at their tiny PFY Voice microphone. At around $250, this PFY Focus comes highly recommended.

As seen above, I’m pairing the PFY Focus with my Blackmagic Pocket Cinema Camera 4K. You can see it almost fully rigged out around a Rokinon cine lens, with a Smallrig cage, and a Tilta battery sled that I’ll get to in a minute. But first, let’s see what comes with this thing. At right, you can see the octopus of cables that comes in one of the included semi-hard shell zipper cases, beside a gear ring that gets you started on one lens. There are mainly two types of cables: power options, and camera control options, for various formats. You can do simple start/stop, shutter, and servo zoom control to many Sony, Panasonic and Canon cameras; and you can supply DC power in a variety of ways including D-Tap, and coaxial barrel connectors.

This last part — needing another power source — is a potential deal-breaker for some, but it shouldn’t have to be. As cinema cameras (even tiny ones like my new Z CAM) increasingly are modular, auxiliary power is becoming a way of life. The PFY Focus gear drive requires external power (it doesn’t have room for internal batteries), but these days, so does your camera: I was using a battery sled for my BMPCC4K by necessity anyway, screwed down to its cage, but then you need multiple outputs and voltages to combine these products. That’s why the only product on the market that I recommend (and really, that I could find) is this Tilta adapter seen here, which takes standard Sony NP-F “L-series” batteries, and outputs both 7.4 VDC and 12 VDC using your own choice of cables. There’s nothing else on the market like it, and ironically it’s from the manufacturer of a competing budget wireless follow focus (Nucleus-Nano) which lacks certain features compared to the PFY Focus (e.g., camera control).

So, that covers the motor unit, and you can see it above being mounted over the cine lens gears using an included carbon fiber 15mm rod that can fix onto either a standard hotshoe, or directly to a cage. But one of the main features of this product is wireless control, and that comes in a separate included case, seen at left. It has a bright OLED display that’s easy to see outdoors, and it has a reasonably simple menu system to perform setup and calibration, to begin with. Thankfully, it has an internal battery that lasts a long time, because it doesn’t have to do heavy lifting like the focus motor, and it can be recharged using the Micro-USB port seen below-left. You can also see the momentary zoom toggle, which has limited utility unless you have a servo zoom lens attached — pretty rare, though I use my Sony 28-135mm servo cine lens from time to time, while also, Sony’s Clear Image Zoom technology can be controlled this way too on even prime lenses. Finally, you can see a quick release rail used to the lock the control into place, via an included connector that mounts onto rosettes or basic 1/4″-20 sockets.

Also seen above, in the middle picture, is the OLED display showing how far the focus has traveled, wireless signal strength, battery life remaining, and programming ID. There’s a thumb-dial controller, along with still picture and video shutter controls. And you can see screw-down focus mark stoppers, that you can fix to correspond with limits of foreground and background that you can specify before rolling camera on a planned shot (same for “virtual” digital focus points in the alternative). It’s surprisingly accurate after you run proper calibration, as seen in the flowchart of PFY’s guide linked here. There are “hot keys” that you can assign to features like motor torque or motor speed, and the ability to assign more than two focus points, such as A-B-C-D with independent settings between each range.

I got decent range with this product, via the antenna seen at right (next to the focus motor’s power input), reaching a floor above, and certainly enough for my typical usage of managing a remote camera during live music concerts where I can pull focus on a B-camera across the stage, while I’m operating an A-camera up front. (Indeed, as a follow-up to this review, I’ll be creating a more thorough guide after incorporating PFY’s Eagle Eye wireless video transmitter, as a top-to-bottom remote control solution.)

PFY is a small company but appears to be committed to customer support, and ongoing firmware updates as may be necessary using the port seen at left. I hope that more cameras will be added to their compatibility list, for button control of basic functions, in harmony with Eagle Eye’s own wireless video control. And in general, I’m also hoping for greater availability of affordable cinema lenses by lens manufacturers, not only for their barrel gears, but also for the critical feature of parfocal operation (where a zoom lens doesn’t drift focus while focal length changes), along with direct mechanical focus control as an alternative to focus-by-wire even on native/active lenses. For way too long, greedy lens manufacturers have just been throwing old consumer-grade product lines into new packaging at quadruple mark-ups to make easy money (looking at you, Tokina/Sigma/Xeen), instead of carefully designing genuine cine lenses that would still take advantage of active features like in-lens image stabilization and aperture control. Who said cine lenses have to be dumb?

March 25, 2020 FocusPulling Original 3 Comments
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